Compliance of off-premise alcohol retailers with the minimum purchase age law

Abstract

Background: In Thailand, the 2008 Alcoholic Beverages Control Act set the minimum purchaseage (‎MPA)‎ at 20 years old in order to limit new drinkers as part of the overall alcohol control effort.This study aims to assess the compliance of off-premise alcohol retailers with MPA restrictions andto identify factors affecting sales to adolescents.Methods: A decoy protocol was used to quantify compliance of 417 alcohol retailers from threecategories, namely grocers, modern minimarts and department stores. Multi-stage sampling wasapplied to obtain the samples in four provinces: Bangkok, Nakorn Sawan, Songkhla and Surin.Each alcohol retailer was visited twice by 17–19 year-old male and female adolescents who triedto buy alcohol. Information collected from focus groups and in-depth interviews with vendors andmanagement officers were analysed for the qualitative methodology.Results: Of all 834 buying attempts undertaken by the underage adolescent, 98.7% were successfulin buying alcohol. Only 0.9% were asked for age and 0.1% were requested to show an ID card. Ageand ID verifications were statistically significant to buying success as well as province, while numberof vendors, gender and age of vendors and buyers, type of outlet, law cautions and advertisementsigns in the outlet demonstrated no significant association.Conclusions: The results showed that vendors fail to comply with the law despite the fact thatthey know the law. Enforcement needs to be strengthened to effectively limit new drinkers