What are the conditions for successful health policy implementation? Lessons learnt from WHO’s regional health policy Health 2020: policy brief

Abstract

This policy brief explores the conditions that need to be in place for successful health policy implementation in the context of Health 2020. It is based on a scoping review of the literature, as well as semi-structured in-depth interviews with experts in selected WHO Member States. The policy brief identifies six key conditions for successful health policy implementation in the context of Health 2020: 1)‎ ensure contexts are appropriate and receptive; 2)‎ get the timing right; 3)‎ transfer appropriate policies and innovations; 4)‎ ensure good governance; 5)‎ work with other sectors; and 6)‎ move from exploration to full implementation. Identifying how these conditions can be used to maximum effect in specific national contexts and policies will help health policy-makers to increase the chances of success for the policies they develop and aim to implement. Crucially, putting policies in place is only the first step towards full implementation. Successful health reforms generally take several years to prepare and adopt, and they often take far longer to implement. A certain degree of pragmatism will also be needed, using evidence as best as possible and allowing for feedback and refinements throughout the reform process. This includes sticking to principles of good governance. They fulfil a double purpose, ensuring the required leadership for the reform process and allowing for effective implementation to take place. This publication was tabled as a background document during the Sixty-ninth session of the Regional Committee for Europe, Copenhagen, 16–19 September 2019.